Plant and Non-Fish Species for
Tropical Freshwater Fish Aquariums
 
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    Selection of Plants for Your Aquarium

An aquarium that is well planted is attractive and comes with other benefits too. However,
there are certain things you need to keep in mind before you plant them.

Water plants convert carbon dioxide to oxygen through the process of photosynthesis, and
light is very essential for this process, therefore, be sure that your aquarium is illuminated.

Most of the aquatic plants do not rely on their roots to extract nutrients from the water. They
do so with the help of their leaves. On the other hand, there are aquatic plants that use
both roots and leaves to extract nutrients from the water. These plants are best for the
aquariums.

Plants are divided into two groups. Some need calcium and others do not. Calciphilious
plants are the plants that require hard water and calcium all the time. Calcifugous plants are
those that require slightly acidic water and soft water. Be careful not to place both types of
plants in one aquarium.

A few examples of Calciphilious plants are Elodea, Vallisneria (fast growing), Myriophyllum,
and Sagittaria (fast growing).

A few examples of Calcifugous plants are Cryptocoryne, Cabomba, Marsilea, and Echinodrous.
It is advised that you select calcifugous plants for your aquarium.

Tips when Planting Aquatic Plants

  1. Cut the damaged or leaves that are turning brown.
  2. Trim the roots a little. This will stimulate fresh root shoots.
  3. Place lead weights or stones to hold the plants until the roots are firmly placed.
  4. Group the plants on the rear or the sides of the tank, so that the front is free for
    swimming.
  5. Plant 2 or 3 plants of different species, rather than buying one species from various
    plants.
  6. Give your plants enough room and set the right environment to grow. If your plants
    lack growth, this means the water is hard.
  7. You may also use artificial plants for your aquarium, they look equally good, and
    however, with natural plants you will get the benefit of producing oxygen.

    Care of Live Aquarium Plants

1. Photosynthesis

Through photosynthesis, plants convert the carbon dioxide from the water to oxygen. Light is
very essential for this process, so see to it that there is enough light in your aquarium.
Plants use the carbon dioxide released by the fish and water to produce oxygen and energy.

2. Substrate

Plants grow best in fine gravel with added base fertilizer. Though base fertilizer is not
required, however, it is better if you use it. You may use laterite, that is rich in iron and you
may use fertilizers that are manufactured for aquatic plants.

3. Lighting

Strong lighting is one of the most important ingredients for a good aquarium. A two to three
watt bulb is sufficient for one-gallon of water. Fluorescent bulbs have been suggested of late
as good for planted tanks. Nevertheless, in tanks that are twenty inches deep are not strong
enough for illuminating. Here, you may also use a mercury vapor lamp.

4. Water

Be sure the water for your aquarium is clean and clear. Also clear the debris so there is no
interference with the light. The hardness of the water can range from 4-12 pH. However, be
sure of the plant species and the kind of water they require.

5. Nutrients

Both macro and micronutrients are required by the plants to grow. Nitrates, sulfates, and
phosphates are macronutrients and they are required in large quantities. On the other hand,
copper, manganese, boron, calcium, and zinc are micronutrients. These are required in low
quantity by the plants. These nutrients are essential for good plant growth. The deficiency of
these make the plants suffer.

6. Fertilizing

Fertilizers are not essential because of the macronutrients that are available in the tank. You
may use trace elements instead.

7. Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide is required by plants for photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide is mostly available in
the tank as the fish release it continuously. If your aquarium is heavily planted and has few
fish, or in case the water you use is hard, then carbon dioxide fertilizers may be necessary.

8. Plants to Avoid

You must avoid certain plants for your tank and they are Brazilian Sword, Aglaonema, Cherry
Hedge, Green Hedge, Palms, and Mondo Grass. These plants do not grow for long and
pollute the water unnecessarily.

    Non-Fish Species

Your aquarium may also house other animals that are not fish. These include:

Invertebrates

Snails are among the most common invertebrates kept in aquariums. These require water to
be free of copper, well-aerated, with pH content more than seven.

Apple Snails

These resemble apples and have many colors. They breathe at the water surface and could
move out of the aquarium tank if there is no proper cover. They thrive on flake foods and
decaying matter and nibble at plants if there is insufficient food.

Ramshorn Snails

These snails are shell-shaped and grow to around two centimeters. They eat algae.
Overfeeding could cause them to multiply rapidly.

Malaysian or Trumpet snails

These snails have a spiral shell and bear live young. They do not harm plants.

Mystery Snails

These snails grow to two centimeters and feed on plant matter, algae, and other excess
food available in the aquarium. They thrive best in water temperatures of 24°C.

Blue Marron

These creatures get along best with large non-aggressive fish especially if a movable portion
of claw is removed. They feed on decaying matter and any edibles as available in the
aquarium. They thrive best in water with temperatures around 15 to 22°C and pH content
between 7.2 and 8.5.

Penguin Shrimp

Ideally, shrimp within ten centimeters of length are best suited for living in aquariums. They
combine well with fish swimming at upper levels. They reproduce live young ones and
normally females drop young ones in covered and hidden places.

Red-clawed Crab

This species feeds on plant matter and dry food. It prefers hard and alkaline freshwater. Use
a tight-fitting aquarium cover to prevent them from crawling outside.

    Vertebrates

African Water Frog
These grow to eight centimeters and live peacefully with a gentle fish species. They eat any
food that reaches substrate levels and do not compete for food. They prefer eating at dusk.
Feeding them after switching off all lights is best.

African Clawed Frog

These frogs grow from eight to thirteen centimeters in length. They thrive best in water with
pH content ranging between 6.5 and 8 with temperatures between 24 to 29°C.
 
 
DO you like what you have just read?  The above is an extract from the ebook Tropical
Freshwater Fish Aquarium.
 
Have you ever wished you could wave a magic wand and transform the goldfish bowl
you had as a child into an aquatic wonderland?

Or, maybe your last vacation included a visit to Sea Word and you delighted in the
squeals of laughter from your kids and promised them their own miniature version right
in your own home.

Welcome,

Whatever your reasons for being here it's a sure bet that you are looking for the opportunity
to create a vision of "Finding Nemo" habitat right in your own home.  A noble idea surely, but
if you are caught in a time warp you need to understand that when it comes to creating an
aquarium, as the saying goes, "they've come a long way baby!"

First things first.  You do realize that you gotta' have a plan, right?  You know, kind of like
plan your work and work your plan?  Before you run off to the pet store and start scooping
up fish in a net you need to learn a little bit more about "fish keeping."

"Fish keeping?"  Yep,  that's right, "fish keeping."  Or, in a more eloquent description,
"keeper of fish."  Did you know that "fish keeping" is actually dated as far back as medieval
times?  Well it's true.  But don't worry, you don't have to build your aquarium as large as a
moat.

If any of this is striking a chord within, you need some help before you embark on your "fish
keeping" adventure and we highly recommend you acquire a copy of Your Guide to Tropical
Freshwater Fish Aquariums.  It's definitely just what the doctor ordered for "fish keeping
101."

First things first.  Here's a little sample of what you'll find inside of the 100+ fishy pages:

  • Basic Fish Anatomy - learn to distinguish between the different types by their body
    configuration.

  • Planning Your Aquarium - what size do you require, is there any design you find more
    favorable,  where you should place it and do you need an aquarium stand?

  • Furnishing your aquarium - first the basics, light, heat, filter

  • Then comes the fun stuff - how to select gravel, plants and other interior design
    elements  and accessories.

  • Water quality is very important - learn how to "keep it clean."

  • Adding the fish - learn all about the most popular tropical freshwater fish - how many
    you should buy considering the tank size, should you have more than one species and
    how and where to buy your fish.

  • Selecting aquatic plants for your aquarium and how to care for them to insure
    longevity.

  • Do you want to add non-fish species like snails, shrimp or crab?

  • Feeding your fish - what to feed and when.

  • Be on the alert for disease - what to watch for and how to treat them.

  • How to use antibiotics to control disease.

  • Are medicated foods the answer?

  • Cleaning your freshwater fish aquarium.

  • Try your hand at breeding!

Does it look like a lot of work?  Make it a family project.  When you're having fun, there is no
such thing as work!

Seriously, before you undertake this new hobby, you need all the help you can get and
having your own copy of Your Guide to Tropical Freshwater Fish Aquariums is just what you
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Get your copy now and happy fishing!
 
 
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Proudly brought to you by Jacob Gan, PhD (Michigan)